The peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is botanically classified as a legume and belongs to the legume family. However, it has all the characteristics of a nut and is an oil-rich seed. It also contains more protein than any other nut.
Peanuts are an excellent source of antioxidants such as resveratrol, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. They also contain coenzyme Q10. Peanuts provide all 20 amino acids, with particularly high levels of arginine. These bioactive compounds have disease-preventing properties and are believed to promote longevity.
Diets high in monounsaturated fats—like those found in peanuts, other nuts, and olive oil—reduce triglycerides, total cholesterol by 11%, and LDL (“bad”) cholesterol by 14%, while maintaining HDL (“good”) cholesterol. The cholesterol-lowering benefits of a peanut-rich diet are comparable to those of an olive oil-based diet. Strong evidence supports the link between monounsaturated fats from nuts and a reduced risk of coronary heart disease.
Peanuts have the highest level of arginine among all foods. Arginine (or L-arginine) is an amino acid essential for the proper maintenance of the liver, skin, joints, and muscles. It helps strengthen the immune system, regulate hormones and blood sugar, and promotes male fertility.